【資料圖】
哈嘍小伙伴們 ,今天給大家科普一個(gè)小知識(shí)。在日常生活中我們或多或少的都會(huì)接觸到考研英語詞匯必備方面的一些說法,有的小伙伴還不是很了解,今天就給大家詳細(xì)的介紹一下關(guān)于考研英語詞匯必備的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。
考研英語復(fù)習(xí)從詞匯開始,打好詞匯基礎(chǔ),復(fù)習(xí)才能更省力。那么,考研英語詞匯必備有哪些?下面小編為大家整理的一些內(nèi)容,希望大家喜歡!
1. authority 權(quán)威,當(dāng)局
Mexican authorities noticed a large number of hospitalizations and deaths among healthy adults.
墨西哥當(dāng)局注意到,在成年人中有大量人住院。
One authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control.
一位權(quán)威人士說道,這些極其強(qiáng)大的精神事件不但可以約束,還可以有意識(shí)地進(jìn)行控制。
2. equivalent 等價(jià)物
The digital credential would be a voluntary trusted identity system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key, a fingerprint and a photo ID card.
該數(shù)字證書可以成為一個(gè) 自愿受信身份 系統(tǒng),從而成為物理密鑰、指紋以及身份證的高科技等價(jià)物。
3. alternative 替代物
They tend to keep a tighter hold on their purse and consider eating at home a realistic alternative.
他們更愿意握緊自己的錢包,把在家吃飯作為一種現(xiàn)實(shí)的替代。
4. substitute 代替物
Devoted concertgoers reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance.
忠誠(chéng)的
音樂會(huì)愛好者回答道,唱片并不能`1代替現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表演。
5. community 具有共性的人 (社區(qū), 屆)
The approach would create a walled garden in cyberspace, with safe neighborhoods and bright streetlights to establish a sense of a trusted community.
該方法能夠在網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間建一個(gè) 有墻的花園 ,具有安全的 鄰里關(guān)系 以及明亮的 街燈 ,從而創(chuàng)造出一種安全社區(qū)的意識(shí)。
6. transaction 交易
The individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with confidence.
個(gè)人和組織能夠充滿信任地完全在線交易。
7. mentality 心態(tài)
It seems clear that such a scheme is an initiative push toward what would eventually be a compulsory of Internet driver s license mentality.
該計(jì)劃看來明顯是一個(gè)最初的推斷,最終將形成一種英特網(wǎng)強(qiáng)制性 駕駛執(zhí)照 的心態(tài)。
8. skepticism 懷疑
The plan has also been greeted with skepticism by some computer security experts.
該方案也遭到了安全專家的懷疑。
History and news become confused, and one s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism.
歷史和新聞變得令人困惑,人們開始產(chǎn)生一種懷疑與樂觀相混合的印象。
9. executive 高級(jí)者
But Edward Dolman, the chief executive, says: I m pretty confident we re at the bottom.
但是首席執(zhí)行官愛德華 多爾曼說道: 我完全相信現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是在底部了。
10. irony 諷刺
This episode crystallizes the irony that, although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations, they rarely talk at home.
該情節(jié)體現(xiàn)出一種諷刺,那就是,籍貫美國(guó)男性在公共場(chǎng)合比女性說話多,但在家里,他們很少說話。
11. preference 偏愛
The first and more important is the consumer s growing preference for eating out.
首先并且最重要的是消費(fèi)者不斷增長(zhǎng)的對(duì)外出就餐的偏愛。
12. predominance 優(yōu)勢(shì)
Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful.
不可避免的事,這種從優(yōu)勢(shì)地位退下來的感覺是痛苦的。
13. pattern 圖案,模式
The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s.
政治科學(xué)家安德魯 哈克在上世紀(jì)七十年代觀察到這一模式。
14. infrastructure 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施
Big retailers could profitably apply their scale, existing infrastructure and proven skills in the management of product ranges, logistics, and marketing intelligence.
大型零售商在管理產(chǎn)品類別、物流、以及營(yíng)銷智能化方面,可以應(yīng)用其規(guī)模、已有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和歷經(jīng)考驗(yàn)的技能,這是有利可圖的。
15. inequity 不公正
In my own research, complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband.
在我自己的研究中,女性們對(duì)于丈夫的抱怨通常并非針對(duì)那些明顯的不公正,例如放棄職業(yè)來陪伴丈夫。
16. humanity 人類,人性
He is publishing a paper which not only suggests that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about.
他的正在發(fā)表的一篇論文不僅暗示出某個(gè)人類群體會(huì)比其他群體更聰明,還解釋了這種現(xiàn)象產(chǎn)生的過程。
His concern is mainly with the humanities: Literature, languages, philosophy and so on.
他主要關(guān)注的是人文學(xué)科:文學(xué),語言,哲學(xué)等等。
17. revival 復(fù)活,復(fù)興
Is there any chance that Cardus s criticism will enjoy a revival? The prospect seems remote.
卡杜斯的批判性評(píng)論有機(jī)會(huì)復(fù)活嗎?這看來很遙遠(yuǎn)。
18. amateur 業(yè)余愛好者
Moreover, the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
另外,音樂評(píng)論中的業(yè)余愛好者傳統(tǒng)在急劇衰退。
19. corporation 公司
Corporations could use such approaches to introduce new routines.
公司應(yīng)當(dāng)采用這些方法來塑造新的慣例。
It s a self-examination that has involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line.
這是一種自我檢查,其中包含責(zé)任、創(chuàng)造性自由和公司底線等問題。
20. economy 經(jīng)濟(jì),經(jīng)濟(jì)體
Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.
富裕國(guó)家不像過去那么依賴石油,因此對(duì)油價(jià)波動(dòng)就不那么敏感。
21. adolescent 青少年
Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal.
口香糖曾經(jīng)主要是青少年購(gòu)買,現(xiàn)在則經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在商業(yè)廣告中,用來使口氣清新,以及用來在餐后清潔牙齒。
22. juvenile青少年
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence.
很多關(guān)于青少年違法原因的理論都把主要影響原因歸于個(gè)人或社會(huì)。
23. jury 陪審團(tuán)
Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values.
很多美國(guó)人把陪審團(tuán)制度看作關(guān)鍵民主價(jià)值的具體表現(xiàn)。
24. qualification 資格
There is a principle that all citizens should meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy.
有一個(gè)原則,那就是所有公民應(yīng)當(dāng)符合年齡和識(shí)字能力方面的最低資格要求。
25. specialization 專門化
Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge.
專門化可以看作是對(duì)科學(xué)知識(shí)不斷積累的一種響應(yīng)。
26. prerequisite 先決條件
Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career.
專業(yè)化使得博士學(xué)位成為成功學(xué)術(shù)生涯的先決條件。
27. connotation 內(nèi)涵
The word amateur does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values.
業(yè)余愛好者 一詞的確帶有這樣一種內(nèi)涵,那就是,沒有完全整合進(jìn)科學(xué)界的人不會(huì)分享其價(jià)值觀。
28. prospect 前景
Losing a job is hurting: you don t skip down to the job center with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.
失去工作是痛苦的:你不可能唱著歌蹦蹦跳跳地來到就業(yè)中心,心里高興地想著這個(gè)慷慨的國(guó)家會(huì)讓你的收入翻番。
29. prosperity 繁榮
The Heart of the Matter, the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America.
物質(zhì)的核心 是美國(guó)藝術(shù)與科學(xué)研究院剛發(fā)表的一篇報(bào)告,這篇報(bào)告肯定了人文學(xué)科和社會(huì)科學(xué)對(duì)于美國(guó)自由民主的繁榮與安全的重要性,因此是值得表揚(yáng)的。
30. intelligence 智力,智能
Jury duty was once limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character.
陪審團(tuán)的職責(zé)曾經(jīng)僅限于那些具有卓越智力、教育背景和道德素養(yǎng)的人。
Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results.
事實(shí)上,對(duì)于的探索所獲得的結(jié)果是非常復(fù)雜的。
31. fitness 健康
But despite some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness.
盡管存在一些反面的主張,事實(shí)上,笑對(duì)于身體健康幾乎沒有什么影響。
32. seminar 討論會(huì)
He spent many of his weekly seminars giving detailed instructions in techniques of observation.
他用了很多的周討論會(huì)來詳細(xì)說明觀察技術(shù)。
33. duty 職責(zé)
Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.
一些哲學(xué)家提出,權(quán)力作為職責(zé)與利益的交換的一部分,僅存在于契約中。
34. advocate 倡導(dǎo)(vt.) 倡導(dǎo)者(n.)
Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.
羅森博格令人信服地提出,廣告商很善于應(yīng)用同伴壓力,公共健康倡導(dǎo)者應(yīng)當(dāng)向他們學(xué)習(xí)。
He advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.
他提倡思想自由和個(gè)人表達(dá)的自由。
35. benefactor 捐助者
These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.
這些捐助者在他們自己的領(lǐng)域很成功,他們想用自己的財(cái)富吸引那些在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域取得成功的人。
36. entrepreneur 企業(yè)家
These upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels.
這些突然崛起的企業(yè)家不可能通過金錢使自己的獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)具有諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)那樣的威望。
37. chaos 混亂
Beethoven s music tends to move from chaos to order as if order were an imperative of human existence.
貝多芬的音樂總是從混亂過渡到秩序,仿佛秩序是至高無上的人類存在。
38. tension 張力
The tension between the universal and the particular has been immensely productive in anthropology.
在人類學(xué)中,普遍性與特殊性之間的張力能夠產(chǎn)生大量研究結(jié)果。
39. obesity 肥胖
Of even greater concern is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.
很難對(duì)肥胖進(jìn)行定義,這一事實(shí)受到的關(guān)注更多。
40. significance 重要性,意義
Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don t always think about the emotional significance of the day s events
由于日常生活占據(jù)了我們有意識(shí)的思想,因此我們并不總是會(huì)思考日常事件的情感意義。
41. institute 研究機(jī)構(gòu),(專門型)學(xué)院
According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending.
根據(jù)加拿大健康信息研究院的統(tǒng)計(jì),自1997年以來,醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)總體開銷中處方藥成本在大幅上升。
42. institution 制度,機(jī)構(gòu),機(jī)制
He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution.
他是那種與眾不同者,作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立于任何機(jī)構(gòu)的科學(xué)家在工作。
There is the so-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.
存在一種大批量交易,就是機(jī)構(gòu)用戶付錢通過網(wǎng)站特許協(xié)議來解除大量的在線期刊。
The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
研究機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)現(xiàn)一致地表明,所有國(guó)家的勞動(dòng)者都可以通過工作培訓(xùn)來獲得生產(chǎn)率的根本提高,從而大幅提高生活水平。
The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the peculiar institution.
如果不保護(hù)南方各州的制度,他們當(dāng)時(shí)就不會(huì)簽署憲法。
It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.
人們可以說,對(duì)任何社會(huì)機(jī)價(jià)值的衡量在于其擴(kuò)大并提示經(jīng)驗(yàn)方面的效果,但這一效果并不屬于這些機(jī)制的最初動(dòng)機(jī)。
Malinowski regarded all institutions of a society as intrinsically linked to each other, and stressed that every social or cultural phenomenon ought to be studied in its full context.
馬林諾夫斯基把所有社會(huì)機(jī)制看成是相互聯(lián)系的,并強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)當(dāng)將所有社會(huì)或文化現(xiàn)象放在其完整的社會(huì)情境中進(jìn)行研究。
43. intellectual 知識(shí)分子,知識(shí)的
It is intellectuals, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.
反對(duì)知識(shí)的正是知識(shí)分子本身,而不是美國(guó)。
44. manuscript 手稿
When I set out to revise and update this book, the original manuscript was five years old.
當(dāng)我在對(duì)這本書進(jìn)行修改和更新時(shí),最初的手稿已經(jīng)存在五年之久了。
45. trait 特征
The trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated.
我們過高評(píng)估了關(guān)于才干的特征。
46. reference參考
In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meaning or effects that any given sentence, image or reference might have had.
事實(shí)上,你可以嘗試對(duì)任何給定句子、圖像或參考可以具有的意義或效果進(jìn)行重建。
47. inference 推理
You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be significant to you.
你可以進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步推理,比如該文本對(duì)你具有何種重要性。
48. legacy 遺產(chǎn)
Morgan s legacy would also be acknowledged by many Marxist anthropologists.
摩根的遺產(chǎn)也會(huì)得到馬克思主義人類學(xué)家的認(rèn)可。
49. label 標(biāo)簽
Advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely.
技術(shù)的發(fā)展使得諸如颯拉、HM以及優(yōu)衣庫這樣的大眾市場(chǎng)品牌能夠?qū)κ袌?chǎng)趨勢(shì)快速反應(yīng),并更加準(zhǔn)確地對(duì)需求進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
50. vogue 流行
I shall then proceed to characterize the system now in vogue in Western civilization.
我將繼續(xù)講述西方文明中現(xiàn)在流行的體系特征。
2考研英語詞匯如何記憶 詞匯是英語的基礎(chǔ),也是英語的基本。無論是閱讀理解還是寫作或者其他的題型,都無法脫離詞匯。所以,詞匯在英語復(fù)習(xí)里是非常關(guān)鍵的。
考研英語題型大體是:完型,閱讀,新題型,翻譯,兩個(gè)作文。其中最基本的我個(gè)人認(rèn)為是詞匯。無論哪一個(gè)題型都圍繞詞匯進(jìn)行發(fā)揮。所以,在復(fù)習(xí)之初,一定要將詞匯知識(shí)復(fù)習(xí)扎實(shí),才能更好地展開各類型題型進(jìn)行鞏固復(fù)習(xí)。
單詞的記憶是重復(fù)記憶的。其實(shí)最主要的單詞要結(jié)合句子來背,考研背單詞貴在堅(jiān)持,重復(fù)記憶,記多了就會(huì)有效果,結(jié)合 微語境詞匯記憶法 ,通過句子來記憶單詞,效果會(huì)顯著一些。
3考研英語詞匯怎么復(fù)習(xí) 詞匯書的選擇很重要
考生可根據(jù)自己喜歡的背誦方式和記憶規(guī)律,選擇亂序版、聯(lián)想類、詞根詞綴類、例句文章類等詞匯書。推薦亂序版本,帶來記憶的新鮮感,避免從A開始,出現(xiàn)前半部分記得牢固,后半部分卻沒有翻過的情況。此外,還要注意選擇標(biāo)注出高頻核心詞的詞匯書,進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)記憶??忌€可根據(jù)自身需求選擇 微語境詞匯記憶法 的詞匯書,可以說,當(dāng)前市場(chǎng)詞匯書玲瑯滿目,合適考生自己的才是最好的。
計(jì)劃要切實(shí)可行、符合實(shí)際
凡事預(yù)則立不預(yù)則廢,考研單詞的背誦也不例外,單詞在8月份之前盡可能背完第一輪,然后依據(jù)自己的掌握程度反復(fù)背誦,直到一月份考完英語的那個(gè)下午,單詞背誦的任務(wù)才算結(jié)束。
第一輪單詞背誦的時(shí)候,每天用固定的一小時(shí)看詞匯書,第二輪、第三輪就可以每天用半小時(shí)左右。這是考生用來專門看詞匯書的時(shí)間,當(dāng)然利用零散時(shí)間背誦的不計(jì)。
每天結(jié)束的時(shí)候,問問自己今天的計(jì)劃有沒有完成,背誦單詞的時(shí)間有沒有達(dá)到,堅(jiān)持不懈。
詞匯記憶需要技巧
結(jié)合 微語境詞匯記憶法 來說,有三種記憶方法,第一種是利用零碎時(shí)間,少量多次的重復(fù)記憶。例如在公交地鐵上,拿出來背一背,在別的考研科目復(fù)習(xí)累了之后,拿出來背一背,考生可以到相關(guān)網(wǎng)站下載一個(gè)電子版的高頻詞匯,做成單詞卡片,方便攜帶,利用好自己的零散時(shí)間,隨時(shí)隨地進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。第二種是回歸真題記憶,這種記憶方法需要考生有一定的單詞量,將每篇真題下的考研詞匯 消滅掉 ,這種記憶的好處是可以查到單詞在考研真題的原文出處,同時(shí)結(jié)合上下文理解記憶,更加快速準(zhǔn)確。第三種方法是對(duì)比記憶,對(duì)中文意思相近相反的單詞、英文意思相近相反的單詞、英文單詞高度相似的單詞進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié),在對(duì)比中加深印象,重點(diǎn)記憶。
4考研英語單詞怎么背 首先,由于考研大部分的單詞考查的是單詞的直譯部分,也就是說,考生只要看到單詞能反映出其釋義即可。建議考生翻開詞匯書,用手捂住中文部分,只露出英語單詞,看是否認(rèn)識(shí)這些單詞,能否直接說出他們的解釋,考到這樣認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞就用筆把他劃掉。然后再去記憶不會(huì)的單詞,直到用這種方法把所有的單詞都記住為止。
其次,剛剛所說的直譯部分,需要考生記住的是單詞的最普遍的含義。在背過第一遍的時(shí)候,考生對(duì)單詞整體都有大致的了解,然后開始第二遍第三的理解記憶,而后幾遍則需要考生深入了解單詞含義,包含單詞的延伸意,相應(yīng)短語等含義。
再次,面對(duì)背誦英語單詞最大的敵人就是 遺忘 。考生要牢記住只有不斷的重復(fù)才能打敗遺忘。背單詞很難有成就感,但是日復(fù)一日的記憶總會(huì)留下印象。決不能半途而廢,在復(fù)習(xí)后期放棄單詞記憶,這樣只會(huì)前功盡棄,是錯(cuò)誤的做法。
最后,制定復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃表,有效地幫助單詞記憶。為了克服遺忘有效的方法就是及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí),回顧并鞏固它,這樣才能達(dá)到最好的效果。建議考生在開始下一單元的單次記憶之前,先回顧上一單元的單詞。制定一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃表,在記憶新單詞的同時(shí)還要回顧以前的單詞,這樣才能溫故而知新。這個(gè)計(jì)劃表可以確切到月、周、日,越詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃對(duì)復(fù)習(xí)越有幫助。
以上是整理的考研英語詞匯必備全部?jī)?nèi)容。